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[Aim] To gain the fusion protein purified GST-AEP.[Methods] The protein GST-AEP was expressed in E.Coli-DH5? as a fusion protein induced by IPTG.The protein was a kind of inclusion body.The purifying and refolding to inclusion body were optimized.The purity of GST-AEP was identified by 12% SDS-PAGE and thin-layer scanning analysis.The quantitation of the fusion protein GST-AEP was done with BCA Protein Assay.[Results] Purity of GST-AEP was higher than 90% and concentration was about 0.163?g/?l.[Conclusion] The fusion protein was highly purified and the method of fusion protein purification from the inclusion body was developed,which was the basis for further study on AEP.
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Objective To explore the effects of perinatal exposure to low dose tributyltin (TBT) on development and estrogen level of female offspring KM mice.Methods The CL healthy adult pregnant KM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,6 in each group,they were given doses of TBT (100,10 and 1 ?g/kg) by gavage from days 6 of gestation to the end of lactation,1 time each day,at a volume of 1 ml/kg.On postnatal day (PND) 49,10 female offspring mice were randomly selected in each group and killed after weighed and the blood was collected.The uterus and ovary were weighed for account of viscera coefficient.The concentrations of estrogen in serum were measured with radioimmunoassay.Results Compared with the control group the time of eye opening was significantly delayed and the vagina opening was significantly ahead in treatment groups (P0.05).The weight of ovary and its coefficient increased significantly in 10 ?g/kg group (P
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Objective To study the effects of nicotinamide on the human skin melanocytes and try to explore the potential mechanism of nicotinamide on the calcium signal transduction,cytoskeleton.Methods The primary cultured human skin melanocytes from foreskin were selected as the target cells in the present study.0.00,0.05,0.25,1.25 and 6.25 mg/ml nicotinamide were applied respectively.Western blot,fluorescent probes(Flu-3AM),flow cytometry analysis and time-lampse microscope digital skill were used to evaluate the effects of nicotinamide on melanosome motility and the melanosome distribution in melanocytes.Results The results showed that nicotinamide had a potential effect on regulating free calcium concentration in a dose-dependent manner(y=76.461 2-5.435x,r=0.97);The activity of Na+-K+-Ca2+-ATPase was down regulated with the increasing concentration of nicotinamide.The expression of cellular dynein was also altered by nicotinamide;Na +-K+-Ca2+-ATPase activity was kept normal when given 0.05,0.25 mg/ml nicotinamide,while the dynein protein expression was inhibited(P
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Objective To know automobile exhaust pollution and population exposure to automobile exhaust in Taiyuan,and to provide the basis for controlling automobile exhaust pollution.Methods Two different automobile pollution areas(A and B) were selected as the monitoring sites,the continue sampling was carried out for one week from March to April in 2008.The concentration of PM2.5 was determined by mass method,the inorganic elements in PM2.5 were extracted by Soxhlet method, arsenic and mercury were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrophotometer(AFS),the other metal elements were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The concentration of NO_x was detected by Saltzman method,the concentration of CO was measured by non-dispersive infrared absorption method.Results At crossroad A,daily average concentration of PM2.5 was 1.604 mg/m~3,which was significantly higher than that at crossroad B(0.64 rag/m~3),P
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Objective To know the indoor air quality of newly decorated houses and the health effects in Nanning,Guangxi, China.Methods 130 houses in Nanning city were selected and the indoor air quality was determined according to the national standard test methods.25 high formaldehyde levels houses were selected for following up survey which included indoor environmental pollution and habitants' health.Results Formaldehyde and ammonia were the dominant indoor environmental pollutants,the eligible rate for the two pollutants in the indoor air was only 25.6%and 27.1%,and the concentration of the two pollutants exceeded the limits by 3.88 and 1.35 times,respectively.92%of the habitants suffered from gorge pain.Conclusion Formaldehyde and ammonia are the dominant indoor environmental pollutants in the newly decorated houses in Nanning,the pollution has some adverse effects on habitants' health.
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Objective To investigate the environmental quality and water quality of bathing beach in Haikou,Hainan province and the effects on human health.Methods The investigation of the bathing beach environment and the water quality were conducted according to Bathing Beach Monitoring Regulations(2002).The water samples were collected at PM 3:00-5.00 on May 28th to June 3th in 2007 from three sampling sites,No.1(easily be polluted),No.2(crowded),No.3(less pollution).The questionnaire survey was conducted on the present day and 7 days later,the items included the respiratory,digestive systems infection and eye,ear,nose and skin inflammation,the survey was completed in two days.Results The environment survey of bathing beach suggested that non-point source pollution caused by domestic wastewater emerged on raining days,the salinity was 31‰-33‰,clarity exceeded 30 centimeter and no heat pollution was found.The pH value,chroma,dissolved oxygen,nitrate nitrogen,chemical oxygen demand,inorganic nitrogen,fecal coli group was 8.01-8.10,11.42-15.00 NTU,5.60-6.71 mg/L,0.16- 0.17mg/L,2.70-3.40mg/L,0.19-0.21 mg/L and 35.0-36.0/L respectively.Four hundred and eight questionnaires were eligible, the response rate was over 90%.The results demonstrated that the swimmers were facing to the increased illness risk from the water quality,such as skin pruritus,gastrointestinal allergies,throat sore,eye and ear and nose infections.There was distinct higher proportion in the participants with water contact and complained one or more symptoms than those without water contact(P
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Objective To observe the toxic effects of subacute manganese exposure through drinking water on blood system in rats and offer the scientific data for understanding manganese toxicity mechanism.Methods Male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into control group,high-dose and low-dose Mn-exposed group,12 animals in each group.The two Mn-exposed groups were treated with Mn at doses of 0.5,5.0 g/L,through drinking water,for 60 consecutive days.After 60 days of treatment,haemoglobin (Hgb),red blood cells count(RBC),platelet count(PC),white blood cells count(WBC)and differential count(WBC-DC)were examined by blood routine test.The activity of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),cholinestarase(ChE),monoamine oxidase(MAO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and the level of glutathione(GSH),maleicdialdehyde(MDA)were determined.Results No significant differences of body weigh,Hgb, RBC and WBC were found among the 3 groups.PC and neutrophil(N)percent of WBC were higher,eosinophil(E)percent of WBC was significant lower in high dose and low dose Mn-exposed groups compared with the control group.None of basophil(B)and monocyte(M)was found in 3 groups.Compared with the control group,the activity of ALT,AST,ALP,ChE,NOS and MDA level increased,SOD activity and GSH level decreased significantly in high dose and low dose Mn-exposed groups,and significant doseeffect relationships were seen in the above changes.Conclusion Long term manganese exposure may have some adverse effects on the blood system in rats.
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The pollution hazard of formaldehyde in low level from indoor air is worldwide.Many researches have been focused on the ornamental plant purification for indoor air formaldehyde in low concentration.Although a numbers of literatures have documented that gaseous formaldehyde can be removed by many plant species,a long term purification efficiency of the plants for formaldehyde is uncertain.The research in the future works should be focused on phytotoxieity of formaldehyde,a long term purification efficiency of plants,soil contribution to formaldehyde removal under plant-soil system,effects of complex pollutants on the purification of plants for formaldehyde,and volatile organic compounds from the plants which can remove formaldehyde.
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Objective To find the dominant bacteria in mountain-lake water which can inhibit the alga growth by separation, culture,identification.Methods The samples from the lake in Simian Mountain area,Chongqing were collected.Bacteria- increasing culture,separation and identification were conducted to choice the dominant bacteria.With the dominant bacteria,the ecological restoration was conducted in the eutrophicated water in laboratory,the growth of alga was observed and the water quality was determined.Results Citrobacter freundi,Pseudomonas mendocina,Aeromonas veronii,Achromobaeter xylosoxidans were the dominant bacteria in the lake in Simian Mountain area,Chongqing.Compared with the blank water eontrol,the algae growth speed was slower,COD_(Mn)was 7.1 and 7.4 mg/L respectively,the chroma was both 20 degree in the experimental water samples with Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas mendocina.Conclusion The algae inhibitory action of Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas mendocina in the mountain lake water is obvious.
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Objective To study the adverse effect of house indoor air pollution on children respiratory system health in Lanzhou city.Methods A retrospective questionnaire investigation on 1 700 children respiratory health was carried out in three kindergartens,three elementary schools involving lower grade pupils in three districts in Lanzhou city.At the same time,the information about the home environment of the children and family background was collected.Applying logistic regression model, the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The over-standard rates of indoor air quality were from 12.4% to 43.8% in Lanzhou.In the non-heating period,the over-standard rates of formaldehyde,benzene,SO_2,NO_2,CO and PM10 in indoor air were 22.6%,14.5%,13.3%,12.4%,0% and 23.3% respectively.In the heating period,the over-standard rates of the pollutants were 27.3%,16.4%,34.6%,28.5%,32.3% and 43.8% respectively.Indoor air pollution was statistically associated with children respiratory symptoms and diseases,the related risk factors were someone smoking in home,house decorated,opening windows, ventilation,heating in winter,sharing bedroom and maternal education.The outdoor air pollution was one of the influencing factors. Conclusion Children respiratory diseases and symptoms are related to many air pollution factors,such as outdoor and indoor air pollution,personal characteristic and family factors,so to prevent and control indoor air pollution,a comprehensive way should be taken in Lanzhou city.
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Objective To analyze the concentrations and sources of heavy metals in the soils in city parks,so as to improve the city ecological environment quality and protect the health of people.Methods In December 2007,the distribution characteristics and concentrations of heavy metals(Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,As)were investigated by ICP-AES and mercury analyzer after the soil samples were collected from six urban parks in Pudong,Shanghai.Results The results showed that the ranges of concentration were 21.08-69.31 mg/kg for Cu,41.87-91.71 mg/kg for Pb,104.65-213.83 mg/kg for Zn,84.63-894.28 mg/kg for Cr,0.15-0.26 mg/kg for Cd,19.14-25.32 mg/kg for As,0.02-0.55 mg/kg for Hg,39.30-454.36 mg/kg for Ni,which indicated that all heavy metals,but Cd had been accumulated in varying degree compared with the soil background contents of metal elements in Shanghai. Conclusion Based on the assessment with the single contamination index,Ni and Cr is relatively in a high level of the pollution in Park 1,while the other heavy metals are in a lower risk.According to the comprehensive contamination indexes,the heavy metals pollution in Park 1 belongs to a high grade,while the other parks are in little pollution level.
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Objective To study the effect of three kinds of disinfection liquid,namely chlorine dioxide,silver ion and BIOCIDE,on sterilization of Legionella pneumophila.Methods The suspended quantified disinfection test was conducted by using 7 type of Legionella p neumophila,0.5 ml of bacterial suspension and 4.5 ml disinfection liquid were mixed for certain period, the normal saline was used as the control.1.0 ml of the above liquid or its dilution was incubated with BCYE for 72 h in CO_2 and 35 ℃,the colony count and sterilization rate were calculated.Results The sterilization rate of chlorine dioxide was 6.04%,7.87% and 18.18% at the sterilization time of 0.5,1 and 2.5 h respectively.The sterilization rate of silver ion was 52.61%,99.46% and 99.80% at the time of 0.5,1,1.5 and 2.0 h respectively.As for BIOCIDE,the sterilization rate was 25.28%,93.62%,96.60% and 99.81% at the time of 0.5,1,1.5 and 2 h respectively.Conclusion Compared with chlorine dioxide,silver ion and biological disinfectant has a better sterilization effect on Legionella pneumophila.
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Objective To develop a method for the simultaneous separation and determination of 10 kinds of sedative hypnotica drugs in the functional food with high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry system.Methods The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 15 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution(0.1% formic acid ),chromatographic column was Zobax SB C 18.Identification was based on the compound's absolute retention time,protonated molecular ion,and representative fragment ion by multiple reaction monitoring.The condition of determination was investigated and optimized.Results With this method,the linear range for the 10 drugs was 10-1 080 ?g/kg,the average recoveries ranged from 80.5%-97.1% and the detection limits were from 0.35-12.0?g/kg respectively.Conclusion The method established in the present paper is applicable to monitoring sedative hypnotica drug in the functional food.
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Objective To investigate the toxic effect of nona-ferroso-ferric oxide(Nano-Fe_3O_4),nano-silicon dioxide(Nano- SiO_2)and single walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)on the lung and mechanism in rats.Methods Fourty-nine Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups,the control group,low and high dose groups of three nanomaterials.The rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation once two days for 5 weeks,and then killed by abdominal aorta bloodletting.The pathology of lung,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),interleukin-1(IL- l),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were determined.Results The fibrous tubercle and the matrix inflammation of lung tissue was found in the experimental groups.The activities of T-AOC and SOD decreased while IL-6 concentration increased significantly in the experimental groups(P
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Objective To investigate the effect of arsenic exposure on learning and memory ability of rats.Methods Fourty- eight weaned SD rats were randomly divided into four groups,12 in each.The control group drank tap water,the other three groups treated with sodium arsenite at doses of 2.72 mg/L,13.6 mg/L and 68 mg/L for 12 weeks.Morris water maze was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability of rats.Arsenic level in the blood and brain was assessed after Morris water maze test.Results Arsenic contents in the blood of arsenic exposed rats were significantly higher than that in control rats(P
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0.05),but as formaldehyde concentration increased,the coefficient of DPC also increased gradually.Higher concentration exposure(1.0,3.0 mg/m~3)resulted in significant elevation of DPC amount compared with the control group(P
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Objective To investigate the pollution of endotoxin in drinking water and the removal efficiency of endotoxin through the conventional drinking water treatment in Wuhan city,Hubei Province.Methods In Mar 2008,the water samples of Pinghumen and Zongguan drilking water plants which sourced from the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River respectively,were collected.The samples were tested by Limulus amebocyte lysate test recorded by Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2005 edition).Results The endotoxin content in raw water of the Yangtze River was(100.98?2.75)EU/ml and in tap water was(18.53?0.01)EU/ml.The endotoxin concent in the raw water of the Hanjiang River was(86.40?1.69)EU/ml and in tap water was(41.68?1.94)EU/ml.The removal rates of two drinking water plants were 81.65% and 51.76% respectively.Conclusion The conventional drinking water treatment can remove the endotoxin in dgreeds,but the content of endotoxin in the product water is still higher.
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Objective To study the effect of cadmium on the spatiotemporal sequence of Zic_2 expression in the development of the nervous system.Methods Wistar rats were used in the initial portion of the study.Male and female animals were housed together overnight;the presence of sperms by vaginal smearing methods the following morning indicated that copulation had occurred,and that day was designated embryonic day 0.5(E0.5).Forty dams were divided randomly into the control group and the cadmium exposure group.The dams in the cadmium exposure group were treated with cadmium at a dose of 4 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection.The dams of control and cadmium exposure groups were divided 4 subgroups respectively,sacrificed at various times on embryonic days 9.0,9.5,10.5,and 11.5,laparotomized and the one half pregnant uterus were taken out.The embryos were taken out under stereomicroscope and the morphological score of the nervous system were calculated.The other pregnant uterus were fixed fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde routinely embedded in paraffin and coronally sliced into slice 5 ?m of thickness for immunohistochemical staining.Results Cadmium could lead to dysplasia of nervous system in embryos of rats.The main manifestations were growth retardation,delay closure or unclosures pre- and post- neuropores,and so on.Developmental scores of the forebrain,midbrain and hindbrain of rat embryos in the cadmium exposure groups were lower than the corresponding control groups,and in cadmium exposure groups had significant difference compared with those in control group(P0.05).According to developmental overall scores of nervous system,the scores of the cadmium exposure groups were lower than that of the control groups with significant difference on E9.5,E10.0,E10.5 and E11.5(t=2.71,4.72,3.78,and 5.61 respectively,all P
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Objective Through the comparative study of the acute toxic effects of PM2.5 in nickel-contaminated area in rats to explore the possible mechanism of acute toxicity of PM2.5.Methods A nickel-contaminated area and a control area were selected,the air quality of the two areas was monitored and the concentration of nickel in the collected PM2.5 was determined. Forty two male Wistar rats(SPF Grade)were randomly divided into three groups,including one saline control group and two experimental groups,the nickel-polluted group and the non-polluted group,in each.There were three subgroups.PM2.5 were administered to rats by intratraeheal instillation at doses of 1.6 mg/kg,8.0 mg/kg and 40.0 mg/kg respectively.The rats were sacrificed 24 hours after treatment and the brochoalveolar tavage fluid(BALF)were collected,the phagocytic function of alveola macrophages of rats were tested.Results There was no significant difference between the level of environmental quality in the two areas,the concentration of Ni in PM2.5 in the nickel-polluted area was 48.75 times of that in the non-polluted control area.The phagocytic function of alveola macrophages of rats in the experimental groups decreased significantly(P
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Objective To know the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins(PCDDs),polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furan (PCDFs)and polychlorinated biphenyl(PCBs)in milk and milk powder.Methods From Feb.2007 to Jun.2007,the milk and milk powder samples were collected and PCDDs,PCDFs and PCBs were extracted from the samples by Soxhlet extraction,cleaned up by FMS and quantified by HRGC-HRMS,using isotope dilution methodology.Results PCDDrFs and PCBs were detected in all samples.The mean levels of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs TEQ in the milk powder were 0.43 pg/g lipid(median:0.34 pg/g lipid),and in the packed milk were 3.83pg/g)lipid(median:2.04 pg/g lipid).The mean levels of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs TEQ in all samples were 2.13 pg/g lipid(median:0.815 pg/g lipid).The levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in the detected samples were far below the limitation of EU except of two milk samples,and the levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs were higher in the packed milk than those in the milk powder.Conclusion Some of the milk and milk powder in the investigated city has been polluted by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins(PCDDs),polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furan(PCDFs)and polychlorinated biphenyl(PCBs).